The most common diseases of the 21st century. Dangerous diseases of the 21st century The most terrible diseases of the 21st century

Nowadays, there are too many different diseases, most of which arise as a result of poor nutrition, poor environment or a sedentary lifestyle. A person receives some diseases from birth, and some arise as a result of certain infections. Many ailments become chronic, so it is important to start treatment at an early stage. Fortunately, modern medicine offers a rich toolkit for this, and there are many useful medical resources on the Internet.

Let's look at the 10 most common modern ailments:

1. Headache. Almost every person has encountered this disease. Some people suffer from migraine, which is a constant feeling of headache. Very often it occurs from various stresses, genetic predisposition and improper daily routine.

2. Colds. Today, every third person on Earth falls ill with influenza and ARVI. The main causes are considered to be: hypothermia and poor immunity.

3. Gastrointestinal disease. Modern people, due to poor nutrition and all kinds of stress, suffer from gastrointestinal problems. This type of disease occurs in almost half of the entire world population.

4. Toothache has also become one of the most common diseases of the 21st century. It occurs due to improper oral hygiene and insufficient immunity.

5. Eye diseases - myopia, cataracts, glaucoma, conjunctivitis, etc. Of course, the scourge of modern man is poor eyesight, often caused by the fact that we spend too much time reading, on the computer, or in front of the TV. The environment, stress, and poor nutrition also have a negative impact on the eyes. Timely detection of other eye diseases is especially important, because if the disease starts, you can simply go blind.

6. Hypertension is in 3rd place in terms of prevalence. This disease is most often encountered by a person who leads a sedentary lifestyle, does not follow a proper diet and lives in constant stress. This disease is often called “office disease”, because most people who work in offices in the future suffer from this disease.

7. Osteochondrosis. This disease occurs during prolonged sedentary work or during work that requires constant stress. This disease needs to be treated as soon as possible. After all, if this disease is not treated in time, pain will accompany the person constantly.

8. Cancer. This disease can rightfully be called the most common, because it can occur in a person of any age. It can arise due to various factors, the main ones being: poor nutrition, stress and congenitality.

9. Diabetes mellitus. This disease is at the very top of the endocrine diseases of the 21st century. This disease occurs in people who lead a sedentary lifestyle and are obese.

10. Gastritis. Modern man is very susceptible to this disease. After all, gastritis occurs due to constant stress, and this threatens the future with a stomach ulcer. Quarrels during meals can also trigger gastritis. Frequent fasting and all kinds of diets can also lead to such a disease.

More information about these and other diseases can be found in the medical directory on, where you can also check symptoms, decipher tests, ask a doctor a question and take medical tests.

What does a typical day for a modern person look like? Without sleep or breakfast, millions of people rush to work, where important projects, reports, and pressing deadlines await them. You could be stuck in traffic jams on the way back for half an evening. As a result, the nerves can’t stand it, and in order to somehow relax, many begin to abuse alcohol and illegal drugs. Accumulated stress not only worsens the quality of life, but also causes serious illnesses. Here are a few diseases of the 21st century that can await anyone who neglects a healthy lifestyle:

Stomach ulcer. This disease is dangerous because it cannot be completely cured. An ulcer can only heal and, under the influence of negative factors, open again. The disease can be detected by endoscopy - a not very pleasant, but painless procedure, during which the patient’s gastrointestinal tract is examined using an endoscope (an optical system in the form of a flexible tube). The causes of peptic ulcer disease have long been the subject of debate among many scientists. In particular, it is believed that poor nutrition (abuse of spicy, fried and fatty foods), large amounts of alcohol, smoking and even a certain bacterium Helicobacter Pylori are negative factors. These factors are exacerbated by daily stress. Thus, every third office worker runs the risk of having this disease in their anamnesis.

Alcohol and medication abuse, along with chronic fatigue, can cause such a terrible disease as hepatitis. Tests for hepatitis are carried out by collecting and examining the patient's blood. This liver disease leads to necrosis of its areas, resulting in a significant deterioration in the quality of life, decreased performance, pain in the right hypochondrium and fever. In acute and advanced cases, a person may die.

One of the most terrible diseases plaguing people in the 21st century is cancer. Cancers can be caused by many reasons. Among them are bad heredity, eating foods with chemical dyes and flavors, radiation exposure, etc. However, according to many experts, the process of cancer cell growth is triggered by chronic stress and fatigue.

It is impossible to avoid all life's troubles, but following certain rules can not only improve the quality of life, but also prolong it. These rules are known to everyone: take a biochemical blood test, stool and urine test every year. Proper balanced nutrition, moderate exercise and adherence to a daily routine are the key to success. Well, the most important thing is to learn to relax without alcohol and other harmful substances. A modern person has access to yoga, travel and dozens of interesting hobbies that can support an optimistic outlook on the world.

HIV infection is a slowly progressive viral disease of the immune system, leading to a weakening of the immune defense against tumors and infections. The stage of HIV infection in which secondary infectious or tumor diseases appear in a person due to decreased immunity is called acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

The first reports of HIV infection and AIDS appeared in the early 80s of the twentieth century. Now these names are known even to a child. This worldwide awareness campaign comes as the disease is spreading exponentially, there is still no cure for it, and the only way to curb its spread is to educate people to avoid contracting the deadly virus.

It is now known that this virus comes from West Africa, its nature and structure have been determined, the transmission routes and viability of the virus have been studied, but so far all this has not led to the creation of a truly effective medicine. The statistics on the spread of HIV infection are terrifying - at the moment, more than 50 million people in the world are already infected with HIV or have AIDS.

Symptoms of this disease were first reported in 1978 in several patients in the United States and Sweden (in homosexual men), as well as in Tanzania and Haiti (in heterosexuals of both sexes). And in 1983, Luc Montagnier from the Pasteur Institute (France) discovered the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which is the cause of HIV infection.

Why does this happen?

There are several ways of contracting HIV infection:

• unprotected (without a condom) sexual intercourse (70-80 percent);
• sharing of syringes, needles and other injection equipment (5-10 percent);
• transfusion of contaminated blood (5-10 percent);
• transmission of the virus from an HIV-positive mother to a child - during pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding (5-10 percent);
• use of non-sterile instruments for tattoos and piercings;
• using someone else's shaving equipment, toothbrushes with visible blood residues (extremely rare).

HIV is transmitted through blood, semen, vaginal secretions and breast milk, but there is no risk of transmission through other biological materials (such as saliva, sweat, tears, urine and feces). This happens because a certain minimum concentration of the virus is required for infection. Thus, the amount of virus necessary for infection is contained in a drop of blood, which fits at the end of a sewing needle, and the volume of saliva, which will contain the same amount of virus, will be 4 liters.

What's happening?

As you know, viruses are not able to reproduce on their own. To reproduce, they require a living cell into which they insert their genetic information. After this, the cell begins to work as a “factory” for the production of viruses. Eventually, exhausted, she dies. So, for its reproduction, HIV uses certain cells of our immune system (a type of T-lymphocytes called helpers). This is precisely what explains such a high danger of HIV - it affects our defense system, forcing it to work for its reproduction.

Immunity weakens gradually. A person living with HIV may look and feel fine for many years and not even know that they are infected. However, the virus destroys more and more cells of the immune system. When the number of cells decreases below a critical level, a person becomes vulnerable to diseases, including those to which a person with normal immunity is immune.

The diagnosis of AIDS is usually made several years after HIV infection, when a person develops one or more serious illnesses. For example, early signs of progression of HIV infection, that is, worsening immunodeficiency, include:

• candidiasis (thrush) of the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract
• prolonged increase in body temperature
• night sweats
• diarrhea
• weight loss
• frequent acute respiratory infections
• herpes zoster (herpes), etc.

The period after infection and before the appearance of antibodies to HIV in the blood is called the “window period.” It lasts 25 days - 3 months after infection. After this, using an immunofluorescent blood test for HIV infection, antibodies to the virus can be detected. A blood test for HIV can be done in any hospital, including anonymously.

If antibodies to HIV are detected in the blood, the examination result is regarded as positive. However, this is not the final answer yet, since the result obtained is necessarily double-checked by another confirmatory test. Only after receiving a second positive result does the doctor inform the person about the presence of HIV infection. In this case, the result of the examination is communicated by the doctor to the person who applied personally, and this information is strictly confidential. Based on the results of the analysis, you can consult with an immunologist or venereologist, who, if necessary, will prescribe treatment.

Treatment

Medicines used to treat HIV infection do not kill the virus, but only block it, disrupting the process of HIV reproduction and suppressing its activity. A decrease in HIV activity leads to an increase in the number of immune cells. The simultaneous use of three or four drugs is called highly effective antiretroviral therapy because as a result of such treatment it is possible to reduce the level of virus in the blood to an undetectable level. However, this does not mean that a person has completely gotten rid of this virus, since HIV can be found not only in the blood, but also in the lymph nodes, as well as in other human organs. Knowing one's HIV-positive status (i.e., the presence of the virus in the blood) can help a person receive timely medical care that can prevent serious and life-threatening complications.

If you have HIV, some infections, such as syphilis, must be treated differently. Also, being a carrier of HIV, it is very important to monitor your immune status and other indicators, which allows you to prescribe the necessary antiviral treatment in a timely manner and prevent the development of AIDS. It should be remembered that a person infected with HIV can live a long life. And so that this life does not become a curse for him, now in any city there are psychological centers for helping HIV-infected people, hotlines, and anonymous clinics.

Prevention

Many people are afraid of contracting HIV through ordinary household contact. In fact, these fears are unfounded, and ordinary contact with people living with HIV/AIDS is absolutely safe. However, there are a number of factors that increase the risk of infection through sexual contact:

Concomitant sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) - they are also rightly called “gateways for the virus” because they cause ulcers or inflammation of the mucous membrane of the genital organs;

Cervical erosion in a woman is equally dangerous for both men and women. For a woman - since erosion serves as an “entry gate” for the virus. For a man - since in an HIV-infected woman, erosion can lead to the peeling of cells containing the virus from the cervix;

To avoid HIV infection, you must follow the rules of personal safety in the intimate area.

Oncological diseases- these are certain malignant tumors arising from epithelial cells in organs and tissues of the body. Epithelial cells have the ability to rapidly divide and reproduce. Oncological diseases develop when ordinary cells transform into tumor cells.

Among oncological diseases there are:

• sarcoma is a malignant tumor that most often forms in bone, muscle or brain tissue.
• malignant diseases of the blood system - lymphomas and leukemias. In these diseases, leukocytes or, much less frequently, platelets and red blood cells are degenerated.

The causes of cancer are many and varied. The main factors in the development of such diseases are:

• smoking, active or passive.
• excessive alcohol consumption.
• polluted habitat.
• exposure to toxic substances on the body.
• hormonal disorders.
• prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation (sun rays).
• skin injuries.

Oncological diseases can develop in the human body for decades, being asymptomatic. People often mistake the first manifestations of cancer for symptoms of other, much less dangerous diseases, or as an expression of general fatigue of the body.

But you should be wary if for no apparent reason:

• constant nervousness
• weakness, fatigue
• insomnia, sleep disorders
• lack of appetite
• various pain sensations, the causes of which are unclear to you
• blood in natural body secretions
• discomfort in the stomach after eating
• lumps under or on the skin

If you have one or more of these symptoms, you should contact an oncologist as soon as possible. In fact, medicine today has made progress in treating cancer. According to doctors, if the disease is detected not at the stage when metastases have already affected many organs and tissues, but earlier, then the chances of success are quite high. However, we are talking here about success in eliminating the disease, and the person’s condition after that is a separate matter. When a person is diagnosed with cancer, treatment necessarily includes surgery. It is extremely rare that only the tumor can be removed. Most often we are talking about removing an organ or part of it. Just think about the quality of life of a person with one lung, or one kidney, or without a stomach. But even this will make sense to talk about only when the person endures chemotherapy. If a person is diagnosed with oncology, drugs in this group are unfortunately necessary. As we have already said, cancer cells can migrate. Therefore, even if the tumor itself has already been removed, it is impossible to find them all and predict where they might be. For this purpose, special drugs are injected into the blood. After several sessions, not a trace remains of the tumor and the “criminal cells,” but what does the body turn into? When oncology is treated, chemotherapy drugs literally destroy all living things. Not all patients can withstand this treatment. The effect of these drugs on the body can be compared to a nuclear bomb dropped on the earth. That's why doctors say that cancer doesn't often kill people; cancer treatment kills people more often.

Stroke- acute cerebrovascular accident (ACVA), characterized by the sudden (within a few minutes, hours) appearance of focal and/or cerebral neurological symptoms, which persist for more than 24 hours or lead to the death of the patient in a shorter period of time due to cerebrovascular pathology.

In industrialized countries, diseases of the cardiovascular system rank first among the causes of mortality, ahead of death from accidents and cancer. An increasing number of people are dying at working age, in fact, far from old age. The cause of death is usually myocardial infarction. Myocardial infarction is the most dangerous disease and complication of diseases of the cardiovascular system. Thus, only about 50% of patients with myocardial infarction survive.

We should not forget about other very serious diseases, such as coronary heart disease, stroke, angina.

A fifth of people 65 years of age and older die from a stroke. The cause is a sudden blockage, spasm or bleeding from a cerebral vessel. Risk factors include high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, and increased blood clotting. The first warning bell may be transient ischemic attacks or transient cerebrovascular accidents. Symptoms depend on the location of the lesion in the brain. Often a stroke is accompanied by hemiparalysis and speech impairment. It is important to avoid cerebral oxygen deprivation in the early phase of stroke to minimize damage. Consistent rehabilitation can minimize and even completely avoid neurological consequences.

Risk factors are various clinical, biochemical, behavioral and other characteristics that indicate an increased likelihood of developing a certain disease.

• Age
• Arterial hypertension
• Heart diseases
• TIA (transient ischemic attack) is a significant predictor of the development of both cerebral infarction and myocardial infarction
• Diabetes
• Smoking
• Asymptomatic carotid stenosis

Man-made sources of hazard are primarily hazards associated with the use of vehicles, with the operation of lifting and transport equipment, with the use of flammable, flammable and explosive substances and materials, with the use of processes that occur at elevated temperatures and elevated pressure, with the use of electrical energy, chemicals, different types of radiation (ionizing, electromagnetic, acoustic). The sources of man-made hazards are the corresponding objects associated with the influence of objects of the material and cultural environment on humans.

In the event of an accident at a chemically hazardous facility, several damaging factors may act (fires, explosions, chemical contamination of the area and air, etc.), and outside the facility, environmental contamination may occur. The most likely poisonings are chlorine, ammonia and their derivative compounds.

Man-made accidents and poisoning by substances produced by man himself are the third leading cause of death among the adult population of developed countries. Every day, thousands of people die in car accidents; accidents in air and sea transport, in various industries, occur less frequently, but claim hundreds and thousands of lives at a time.

Diseases of the nervous system and mental disorders are called the plague of the 21st century. Prolonged depression has become commonplace.

What happens to the human psyche in stressful situations with a busy life schedule? The mental health of modern man has been thoroughly spoiled by all kinds of neuroses.

Doctors define neurosis as a weak form of mental illness, which sometimes leads to the inability to lead a normal life. Neurosis most often represents a person's tendency to overreact to stress.

A state of anxiety is the most common form of neurosis. Physical symptoms include:

• shiver,
• profuse sweating,
• shortness of breath,
• nausea.

A person may from time to time be haunted by such common worries as “Did I close the door when leaving the house, did I turn off the iron?” If a person returns and, having made sure that the door is closed, regains self-confidence and stops worrying, then such behavior cannot be called neurotic. An obsession is characterized by a stable feeling of unremitting anxiety, constantly appearing thoughts about the same thing, and repetition of behavioral reactions.

Sleepwalking, amnesia and, less commonly, split personality are signs of this type of hysterical behavior, when a person at the subconscious level fences himself off from unbearable fear.

In some cases, the fear experienced by a person from severe stress turns into physical symptoms: one can become blind or lose the ability to use a limb without any physiological reason. These symptoms usually disappear simultaneously with the disappearance of the causes of concern.

Mental disorders are the most severe forms of mental illness than neuroses. Psychosis manifests itself in a person’s loss of contact with real life. Psychosis is believed to develop due to a chemical imbalance in the brain or damage to part of the brain. Symptoms can be easily managed with medication, but the underlying mental illness may be incurable and persist over the years.

Everyone experiences mood swings. Manic-depressive psychosis manifests itself in the disturbance of these mood changes. The phase of mania, which is characterized by feelings of elation, impatience and confidence in oneself and one's abilities (sometimes erroneous), alternates with depression, during which a person may attempt suicide.

The development of schizophrenia is partly inherited. The impetus for the development of the disease can be stress and problems in the family. The person's mind and memory are preserved, but emotional reactions and perceptions are impaired. People suffering from schizophrenia may be detached or, conversely, overactive.

Doctors' research into mental disorders has shown that stress plays a big role in their occurrence and development. According to many professors, long-term stress caused by a collection of unpleasant events in life (job loss and family troubles) reduces the body's resistance to disease, because there are far fewer reasons to watch your diet or exercise regularly. In the USA and many European countries, psychotherapy is used as a treatment for neuroses to reduce and eliminate the influence of the causes of anxiety.

Medicines are used to treat mental disorders only if they last a long time and are accompanied by symptoms such as drowsiness and loss of appetite. One type of medication prescribed may be antidepressants. If these medications are taken in combination with certain other medications or certain foods, a dangerous reaction may occur. Antidepressants are less likely to cause dependence than barbiturates. They will relieve symptoms, but will not resolve hidden problems that may be causing depression.

Over the decades, people's lives have changed, and along with it, illnesses have changed. Medicine is moving forward, and technological progress does not stand still. We can only hope that the epidemics of infectious diseases that destroyed entire cities in the Middle Ages are a thing of the past, but the number of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, obesity, anorexia is rapidly growing...
What ailments are rightfully called diseases of the 21st century? What will people have to suffer in the near future?

1. Cancer

Cancer, a disease that has haunted man, is one of the terrible diseases of the century. Caused by multiple causes, for example, radioactive radiation and chemicals, which include organic dyes, exhaust gases, and some food preservatives. Chronic fatigue and stress also, oddly enough, trigger the growth of cancer cells. Cancer can develop due to sexually transmitted papilloma viruses and genital herpes. So promiscuous, unprotected sex life, which is quite common nowadays, is a serious risk factor.

Of course, it will not be possible to avoid all life’s troubles, but everyone can improve the quality of life and prolong it. The key to success is proper balanced nutrition, adherence to a daily routine, and moderate exercise. Well, probably the most important thing is to learn to relax without alcohol and other bad habits, because now a modern person has many interesting hobbies, travel, sports, that can maintain an optimistic outlook on the world.

Tuberculosis is a terrible infectious disease that has long ceased to be a disease of alcoholics, homeless people, and prisoners, but has changed its social status. Doctors are sounding the alarm because viruses are mutating, and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis are emerging.

In the 90s, information appeared that with the advent of the 21st century, tuberculosis would disappear, just as smallpox once disappeared. However, practice shows that the problem of tuberculosis is becoming increasingly widespread, drugs are becoming ineffective, and the need for TB specialists is growing. And it was not for nothing that a huge prize was promised to the one who would invent a universal means of diagnosing and treating this disease.

A terrible scourge of the 21st century is mental illness - anorexia, a person has an inadequate and pathological desire to lose weight, and a fear of obesity appears. In 95% of cases, those affected are young women who see themselves in the mirror as fuller than they really are.

In other words, the lady resembles a skeleton that has been covered with skin, but she still seems to have lost a little weight. And he perceives every excess 100 grams of weight as irreparable obesity, and every piece of food that he managed to refuse, on the contrary, perceives it as a victory and an approach to perfection, of course, if a bony, unattractive body with an emaciated appearance can be considered perfection. A person becomes “addicted” to abstaining from food as if he were addicted to drugs.

Whatever the cause of such an illness, a person suffering from it needs the help of doctors and loved ones. Not everyone can realize that a crooked mirror is only an illusion, and it needs to be broken before the consequences become dire.

4. Drug addiction

Involvement with drugs has long been social in nature. Most often this happens under environmental pressure, for the sake of interest, to become “one of the people” in the company. Drug addiction is growing and affects virtually every fifth resident of our country. Today there is not a single region in Russia where drugs are not used or distributed. They affect the psyche in such a way that irreversible degradation and complete physical exhaustion of the body occurs.

For the sake of the drug, he will do any immoral acts, which will still lead to irreversible consequences. They say one dose is enough to become “addicted.”

Doctors are unanimous in their opinion that AIDS is the first global epidemic. Its size exceeded all the combined epidemics that humanity suffered throughout its development. This terrible disease is provoked by Immunodeficiency Viruses type I and II. Invading the body, the virus slowly kills cells that support the immune system and causes complete and irreversible depletion of the immune system, and the patient dies even from trivial infections.

In our time It's very easy to get AIDS. If lymph nodes are enlarged in different parts of the body, prolonged diarrhea, weight loss of 10 kg or more for no reason, spots and blisters on the skin - these are the first symptoms in which you immediately need to “run” to the doctor. Despite all efforts, the battle to defeat this disease is far from over. Scientists do not stop fighting the spread of the disease and are working to obtain a vaccine, but so far all the successes do not answer the most important question - how to finally defeat AIDS?

Just recently, all TV channels were repeating that a terrifying and incurable disease was approaching Russia. Many were indifferent to this, but Ebola virus fever is a very serious disease and has a high degree of infection. The number of victims reached several thousand people. The spreaders of this merciless virus that leads to death are African people.

It is believed that Ebola loves hot climates. Scientists also suggested that bats could be the main carriers of the infection, and domestic animals could also be carriers. The fever is transmitted through skin-to-skin contact, resulting in control of the spread. Tests have shown that there is no vaccine for the Ebola virus, but scientists promise to come up with a cure for the virus that is undoubtedly trying to kill the entire world. If a person does not recover within 7 to 16 days after the initial symptoms, then the likelihood of death increases.

7. Strokes and heart attacks

Strokes and heart attacks can be considered terrible diseases of the 21st century, and they are getting younger every year. Due to an unhealthy lifestyle, frequent stress, bad habits, abuse of fatty foods, and overeating, the metabolism of cholesterol and fatty acids is disrupted, which gradually accumulate on the walls of blood vessels and form atherosclerotic plaques. This leads to a narrowing of the diameter of the vessels and, accordingly, to a decrease in their blood supply.

So, physical training, balanced nutrition, drinking enough water, giving up bad habits, a positive emotional attitude - this simple set of measures allows you to prevent the occurrence and development of unpleasant symptoms accompanied by a heart attack and stroke.

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that is very relevant in our modern society. Depression, social problems, anxiety disorders, unemployment, poverty - all this can lead to schizophrenia. Such patients live 10-12 years less than healthy people. There are cases when a person commits suicide during an attack.

Another dangerous group of effective disorders is depression, which is characterized by low mood, slow movement, and slow thoughts. There are other symptoms of depression, but only a specialist can assess their severity. The intense rhythm of life, neuroses, stress, and lack of sleep exhaust the nervous system. Also, with the development of chronic diseases, “heavy thoughts” appear, which leads to depression. Scientists call depression the problem of the new century - and, obviously, they are not exaggerating.

According to some data, overweight and obesity are present in every third resident of the country, which is characteristic of excessive development of adipose tissue, and is manifested by many symptoms that depend on the degree of obesity. Obesity is a condition in which so much fat accumulates in the body that it can pose a risk of developing serious diseases.

According to statistics in the world, about 300 million adults alone are obese, obesity is already common among children. Lack of exercise and excessive consumption of high-calorie foods are perhaps the two most key causes of obesity. But there are all kinds of treatment methods with which obesity can be overcome.

The terrible diseases of the 21st century have every chance of being forgotten. Every day doctors save lives. Thanks to such work, patients have every chance to live a long and happy life. The main thing is to hope and believe!

Description of the presentation: Incurable diseases of the 21st century. Samotkanova Svetlana, 1 on slides

The world population in the 21st century has exceeded 7.5 billion people. This is largely due to rising birth rates in developing countries. But in addition to natural growth, there is also a constant population decline on Earth. One of the factors that regularly reduces the number of people living on Earth is disease. Today, humanity is aware of a number of diseases from which no one is protected, but advances in medicine make it possible to improve the condition of patients and shed light on their existence on Earth.

The most terrible diseases Ebola fever AIDS Oncology Poliomyelitis Hypatitis Diabetes mellitus Alzheimer's disease And others... Let's take a closer look at some of them:

Oncology Cancer refers to a group of more than 100 different diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body. Cancer affects one in three people born in developed countries and is a leading cause of illness and death worldwide. Although cancer has been known since ancient times, significant improvements in cancer treatment were made in the mid-20th century, mainly through timely and accurate diagnosis, surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy drugs. Such advances have led to a decline in cancer mortality and have also led to optimism in laboratory research in elucidating the causes and mechanisms of the disease. Thanks to ongoing advances in cell biology, genetics and biotechnology, researchers now have fundamental knowledge of what happens in cancer cells and in cancer patients, facilitating further progress in preventing, diagnosing and treating the disease.

AIDS AIDS (HIV) is an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome that is transmitted through blood, semen, breast milk and is manifested by: catastrophic weight loss for no reason, a tendency to contract pulmonary infections (pneumonia, tuberculosis), gastrointestinal infections (esophagitis), as well as mental disorders (seizures, dementia), oncology. This “epidemic of the 20th century” kills immune cells and destroys the human body, which is unable to restore vital functions. This disease, which was discovered only at the end of the 20th century in Africa, still leaves no chance of salvation for HIV-infected patients: an average of 3 million people die from AIDS every year, and 5 million become infected (mainly drug addicts and their children, homosexuals , prostitutes, and, less often, patients who received contaminated blood during a transfusion).

Ebola Fever Ebola is a virus of the filovirus family that causes severe and often fatal viral hemorrhagic fever. Outbreaks of this disease have been observed in primates such as gorillas and chimpanzees and in humans. The disease is characterized by high fever, rash, and excessive bleeding. In humans, the fatality rate is 50 to 90 percent. The name of the virus comes from the Ebola River in the northern Congo Basin of central Africa, where it first appeared in 1976. That year, outbreaks in Zaire and Sudan led to hundreds of deaths. The Ebola virus is closely related to the Marburg virus, which was discovered in 1967, and both viruses are the only filoviruses that cause epidemics in humans. The hemorrhagic virus spreads through bodily fluids and, just as patients often vomit blood, caregivers often contract the disease.

Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism when the pancreas produces insufficient amounts of a protein-derived hormone - insulin, which is necessary for the breakdown of sugar, the level of which in the blood increases accordingly. If the disease is not detected early (for example, through blood sugar tests), the patient's immune system begins to produce antibodies that destroy beta cells that stimulate insulin production. Today, constant injections of insulin help increase the life expectancy of insulin-dependent patients, and for non-insulin-dependent patients - with a special diet, moderate physical activity, daily routine, sanatorium treatment, etc. In other words, if the disease is detected in time and treated correctly, you can live a long, full and productive life. But, firstly, there is a high probability of transmitting a fatal disease to children, and secondly, medicine does not yet know a drug that could permanently eliminate the cause of the disease and complications (irreversible skin inflammation, loss of vision and weight, weakness, dehydration, etc. ). Poliomyelitis is infantile spinal paralysis, which is an acute viral infectious disease of the nervous system. In most cases, polio manifests itself with increased fatigue, headache, nausea, high fever, headache and muscle pain in children under 5 years of age who were not vaccinated on time. In older children, this incurable disease may develop asymptomatically. The vaccine introduced in 1960 significantly reduced the mortality rate: in the 21st century, polio paralyzes about 2,000 children per year. Alzheimer's disease is a rapid and irreversible decline in memory in older people.

Hepatitis B, C Viral hepatitis is an infectious liver disease caused by viruses. Infections caused by hepatitis viruses are transmitted from person to person. Infection can be prevented, including through vaccination. Today there are vaccines that provide reliable protection against hepatitis A and B. Chronic viral hepatitis B and C are dangerous conditions that can lead to very serious consequences. It is important to recognize hepatitis in time and stop liver damage.

At the end of our review, I would like to recall the famous phrase of Dr. Sma Thien from Ancient China: “There are no incurable diseases, there are incurable patients.” More than 2000 years ago, a healer identified people who were truly incurable: stubborn people; greedy patients who unjustifiably save on their own health; patients who do not want to part with harmful pleasures; patients so weak that they are unable to take medications; people who trust magicians and wizards, that is, charlatans, and not real doctors. Thus, each of us has a chance for salvation: it is only important to choose the right person who will help and believe in yourself. After all, the impossible is possible!